Lactating dog spays have their own nuances, rules, and challenges. This course address each of these aspects and fully prepares the student to successfully spay a lactating dog with a midline incision, without disturbing the milk supply. *This is a masterclass that assumes that fundamental dog spay courses have already been completed*

Cryptorchid cat neuters can be both simple or troublesome in nature. This course provides examples of both abdominal and inguinal cryptorchid neuters. Multiple examples are given as there are a variety of possible situations regarding the location of retained testicles. This course sheds light on different tips and strategies to make any cryptorchid neuter successful and efficient.

Complications can happen to any veterinarian who performs surgery. This course serves to prepare veterinarians to recognize and correct surgical complications that can arise during a dog spay or neuter. Intra-op complications such as dropped pedicles, torn pedicles, torn uteruses, etc. are covered in this course. This course also includes how to recognize, diagnose, and repair post-operative hemoabdomens in dogs.

Routine and in heat dog spays are the most common variations of dog spays that are encountered in clinical practice. This course demonstrates entire dog spay procedures using the skills included in foundational courses - patient positioning, small incisions, fishing, rupturing the suspensory ligament, modified Miller's knot placement, and incision closure. *This is a mastery level course that assumes foundational coursework has been completed.*